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The MT19937 algorithm keeps track of its state in 624 32-bit values. Mos bonus round slot machine. If an attacker were able to gather 624 sequential values, then the entire sequence—forward and backward—could be reverse-engineered. This feature is not specific to the Mersenne Twister, most PRNG have a state mechanism that is used to generate the next value in the sequence. One of the most commonly used version of the Mersenne Twister algorithm is MT19937 and generates a 32-bit word length (using the Mersenne prime of 2¹⁹⁹³⁷−1. Lucky club online casino reviews. The method is named after. Mersenne twister party. New lightning link slot machines. Perhaps we should use a different compression algorithm that. This is possible if the tree is implemented as an array and unused slots.
posted by Stephan Brumme
Introduction
The Mersenne Twister is often regarded as the fastest pseudo-random number generator which passes almost all statistical tests.The original C code isn't exactly beautiful, therefore I decided to write my own C++ class.
And for the fun of it, I converted the code to Javascript and added two live demos, too (scroll down).
Live Demo
This demo will give you the first 10 random numbers generated by the Mersenne Twister.My C++ implementation returns exactly the same values as the original code written by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura.
These numbers will be computed on the webserver whereas the Javascript code - which generates exactly the same numbers, too - obviously runs in your browser.
Modifying the
seed value will change the sequence of random numbers. seed must be a 32 bit integer. If you leave it empty, 5489 will be used instead.| Seed: |
| C++: |
| Original: |
| Javascript: |
| (in hexadecimal) |
C++ code
The constructor accepts an optionalseed value. The actual number generation is implemented as a functor.Your program will look like this:
hide
My implementation generates the same output as the original code when supplied with the same #include'mersenne.h'// create new Mersenne TwisterMersenneTwister prng(123456);// generate two random 32-bit numbersint x = prng();int y = prng();seed value.I got rid of all the
statics found in the original code which gives you the opportunity to have several independent Mersenne Twisters in your program at the same time.Moreover, it reduced the risks of nasty concurrency effects in multi-threaded programs.
hide mersenne.h - header file
// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// mersenne.h// Copyright (c) 2014 Stephan Brumme. All rights reserved.// see http://create.stephan-brumme.com/disclaimer.html//#pragma once#include<stdint.h>/// Mersenne twister pseudo-random number generator/** algorithm invented by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura **/class MersenneTwister{/// state sizeenum { SizeState = 624 };/// internal stateuint32_t state[SizeState];/// offset of next state's wordint next;public:/// generate initial internal stateMersenneTwister(uint32_t seed = 5489);/// return a random 32 bit numberuint32_toperator()();private:/// create new state (based on old one)void twist();}; hide mersenne.cpp - implementation
Git users: scroll down to the repository link Latest release: August 18, 2014, size: 743 bytes, 32// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// mersenne.cpp// Copyright (c) 2014 Stephan Brumme. All rights reserved.// see http://create.stephan-brumme.com/disclaimer.html//#include'mersenne.h'/// generate initial internal stateMersenneTwister::MersenneTwister(uint32_t seed): next(0){ state[0] = seed;for (int i = 1; i < SizeState; i++)state[i] = 1812433253UL * (state[i-1] ^ (state[i-1] >> 30)) + i;// let's twist'n'shout .. twist();}/// return a random 32 bit numberuint32_tMersenneTwister::operator()(){// compute new state ?if (next >= SizeState)twist();// shuffle bits arounduint32_t x = state[next++];x ^= x >> 11;x ^= (x << 7) & 0x9d2c5680;x ^= (x << 15) & 0xefc60000;x ^= x >> 18;returnx;}/// create new state (based on old one)voidMersenneTwister::twist(){constint M = 397;constint FirstHalf = SizeState - M;// first 624-397=227 wordsint i;for (i = 0; i < FirstHalf; i++) {uint32_t bits = (state[i] & 0x80000000) | (state[i + 1] & 0x7fffffff);state[i] = state[i + M] ^ (bits >> 1) ^ ((bits & 1) * 0x9908b0df); }// remaining words (except the very last one)for ( ; i < SizeState - 1; i++) {uint32_tbits = (state[i] & 0x80000000) | (state[i + 1] & 0x7fffffff);state[i] = state[i - FirstHalf] ^ (bits >> 1) ^ ((bits & 1) * 0x9908b0df); }// last word is computed pretty much the same way, but i + 1 must wrap around to 0uint32_tbits = (state[i] & 0x80000000) | (state[0] & 0x7fffffff);state[i] = state[M - 1] ^ (bits >> 1) ^ ((bits & 1) * 0x9908b0df);// word used for next random numbernext = 0;}
linesCRC32:
a028bca2MD5:
a0d1de2c02eaa91722b7591c4ca8eb9bSHA1:
9e00279dc85bad24eb63379f87cfe20211e9e3eaSHA256:
79f195d0f0a1d154995a9fc0c94f8e3ebf17f37169127e28822facbaa17c82dbLatest release: August 18, 2014, size: 1682 bytes, 66 lines
CRC32:
2f6d248cMD5:
0e6b3353d5bae5e7b80f6534d880ec26SHA1:
89c1fd6081d6cdc53854a76a8adb7e778374ffeaSHA256:
8150b7eb8cfe24ed87926fbfa5a0ddc8ee1540cb4a44596a93e8b77206ba3507Stay up-to-date:git clone https://create.stephan-brumme.com/mersenne-twister/git
GitHub mirror:https://github.com/stbrumme/mersenne-twister
If you encounter any bugs/problems or have ideas for improving future versions, please write me an email: create@stephan-brumme.com
There are a few C/C++ implementations available on the internet which might be slightly faster on certain SIMD architectures.
I am not aware of any library written in plain C/C++ that is significantly faster than the code shown above.
License
This code is licensed under the zlib License:This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or impliedwarranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damagesarising from the use of this software.Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute itfreely, subject to the following restrictions:1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software.3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.zlib License
Javascript
The WebKit browser engine used the Mersenne Twister forMath.random() (but switched to the faster XorShift algorithm recently). However, inside Javascript code there is no way to control the generation of random numbers, for example by defining a seed value - which can be incredibly helpful during testing/debugging because then you can reproduce the same random numbers.There are only a handful Javascript versions of the Mersenne Twister algorithms and most of them are pretty slow.
My Javascript port computes exactly the same numbers as the C++ version (when using the same
seed value).Firefox 31 (Windows) can spit out about 44 million random numbers per second on a three-year-old Intel Core i7 @ 3.4 GHz.
Internet Explorer 11 achieves about 23 million numbers per second on the same computer.
Obviously my Samsung S2 phone (three years old as well) is even slower and can generate only 3.8 million numbers per second (Firefox 31, too).
Live test:
Do Slot Machines Use The Mersenne Twister Algorithm Free
Please note that my Mersenne Twister generates 32 bit signed integers whereas the output ofMath.random() are floating-point numbers between 0 and 1.And a simple bit distribution heatmap (move your mouse, double-click the heatmap to reset):
| bits 0 - 7 |
| bits 8 - 15 |
| bits 16 - 23 |
| bits 24 - 31 |
Total of
Usage is pretty straightforward:
hide
I converted the code from C++ to Javascript by hand instead of using tools like Emscripten.// load class<script src='http://create.stephan-brumme.com/mersenne-twister/mersenne.js'></script><script>// create new Mersenne Twistervar prng = new MersenneTwister((new Date).getTime());// generate two random 32-bit numbersvar x = prng.random();var y = prng.random();</script>Mersenne Twister Js
The most tricky part was coping with bit shifts and the limitation of Javascript's integer system.
Therefore you will find strangely looking symbols like the triple-right-shift
>>> and explicit integer conversion using the And-Zero idiom (e.g. state[i] |= 0;). Git users: scroll down to the repository link Latest release: August 19, 2014, size: 2102 bytes, 75 linesCRC32:
9c22dfdaDo Slot Machines Use The Mersenne Twister Algorithm For Beginners
MD5:
641108e6441ec79179742d916f38ad7fSHA1:
4f1ad50a16675b5092899774ce0dbc25df9ae98eTiny Mersenne Twister
SHA256:
44bc7c23ad2115de39a3fb62e60b25c40c92beb7497c9b0cc91872616ea9a372Mersenne Twister C Source Code
Stay up-to-date:git clone https://create.stephan-brumme.com/mersenne-twister/gitGitHub mirror:https://github.com/stbrumme/mersenne-twister
If you encounter any bugs/problems or have ideas for improving future versions, please write me an email: create@stephan-brumme.com
hide mersenne.js - Javascript version
The live demo shows the random numbers as hexadecimal values: // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// mersenne.js// Copyright (c) 2014 Stephan Brumme. All rights reserved.// see http://create.stephan-brumme.com/disclaimer.html//var MersenneTwister = function(seed){'use strict';var state = newArray(624);var next;// if no seed is given, use default value 5489if (seed undefined)seed = 5489;// private function: create new state (based on old one)var twist = function() {// first 624-397=227 wordsfor (var i = 0; i < 227; i++) {var bits = (state[i] & 0x80000000) | (state[i + 1] & 0x7fffffff);state[i] = state[i + 397] ^ (bits >>> 1) ^ ((bits & 1) * 0x9908b0df); }// remaining words (except the very last one)for (var i = 227 ; i < 623; i++) {varbits = (state[i] & 0x80000000) | (state[i + 1] & 0x7fffffff);state[i] = state[i - 227] ^ (bits >>> 1) ^ ((bits & 1) * 0x9908b0df); }// last word is computed pretty much the same way, but i + 1 must wrap around to 0varbits = (state[623] & 0x80000000) | (state[0] & 0x7fffffff);state[623] = state[396] ^ (bits >>> 1) ^ ((bits & 1) * 0x9908b0df);// word used for next random numbernext = 0; }// fill initial statestate[0] = seed;for (var i = 1; i < 624; i++) {var s = state[i - 1] ^ (state[i - 1] >>> 30);// avoid multiplication overflow: split 32 bits into 2x 16 bits and process them individuallystate[i] = (((((s & 0xffff0000) >>> 16) * 1812433253) << 16) + (s & 0x0000ffff) * 1812433253) + i;// convert to 32 bit unsigned intstate[i] |= 0; }// twist'n'shouttwist();// public function: return a random 32 bit numberthis.random = function() {// compute new state ?if (next >= 624)twist();// shuffle bits aroundvar x = state[next++];x ^= x >>> 11;x ^= (x << 7) & 0x9d2c5680;x ^= (x << 15) & 0xefc60000;x ^= x >>> 18;returnx; }}; hide integer-to-hexadecimal conversion
Live demo's inner loop must take care of proper Javascript type conversion otherwise full optimization doesn't kick in.// load class<script src='http://create.stephan-brumme.com/mersenne-twister/mersenne.js'></script><script>// create new Mersenne Twistervar prng = new MersenneTwister((new Date).getTime());// generate two random 32-bit numbersvar x = prng.random();var y = prng.random();</script>Do Slot Machines Use The Mersenne Twister Algorithm Using
A simple
forC++ Mersenne Twister
-loop can be two times slower: hide inner loop
// prevents Javascript engine from eliminating the whole loopvar dummy = 0;// make sure it's an integervar i = numValues | 0;// and go !while (i-- > 0)dummy ^= prng.random();// much slower: for (var i = 0; i < numValues; i++)
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